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Contact UsOverview of ARIB Standards (STD-B32)
1. Overview
| STD Number | ARIB STD-B32 |
|---|---|
| Standard Name | Video Coding, Audio Coding and Multiplexing Specifications for Digital Broadcasting |
| Enactment Date | 05.31.2001 |
| General Description | This standard specifies video signal and coding system, audio signal and coding system, and multiplexing system of transmission signal for digital broadcasting, and this standard comprises the following three parts. Part 1: Video Signal and Coding System Part 2: Audio Signal and Coding System Part 3: Signal Multiplexing System Part 1 specifies video input format (video signal based on HDTV and SDTV, sampled value of signal, scanning direction, video signal parameters), video coding system based on MPEG-2 Video standard and MPEG-4 AVC standard (combination of motion compensation prediction coding system, discrete cosine transform system, and variable length coding system), compression procedure of video, transmission procedure and signal structure after coding, and restrictions of coding parameters. Part 2 specifies audio input signal (sampling frequency, bit number of quantization, etc.), audio coding system (combination of time frequency transform coding system and psychoacoustic weighted bit assignment), compression procedure and transmission procedure of sound, restrictions of audio coding parameters, and lossless audio coding system (audio coding system and transmission procedure). Part 3 specifies multiplexing system (transmission by TS packet (coded signal, transmission control signal, emergency alarm signal), IP packet transmission by TS packet (coded signal, transmission control signal, emergency alarm signal), IP packet transmission by TLV packet (coded signal, transmission control signal)), multiplexing signal format (PES packet, section form, TS packet, IP packet, TLV packet, ULE packet, compression IP packet, structure of transmission control signal, structure of descriptor, structure of identifier, structure of related information and transmission procedure). |
Keywords
| Keyword | Description |
|---|---|
| Motion Compensation Prediction Coding System | System that information amount to be transmitted is reduced by transmitting only the motion amount and the difference signal between original signal and frame or field signal which is compensated according to the motion amount by detecting it from the following frame or field. |
| Discrete Cosine Transform | System that information amount is reduced by transforming raw image to spatial frequency component as a unit of 8 x 8 pixels, and quantizing the frequency component considering visual characteristics. |
| Variable Length Coding system | System that bit number to be transmitted is reduced by representing the code of high frequency in statistics as short bit sequence, and representing the code of low frequency as long bit sequence. |
| Sequence Header | Header that is transmitted first in video sequence. |
| Sequence End Code | Code that indicates the end of sequence. |
| Channel Exchange Time | Time that it takes to change channel. |
| Seamless Switching | Switching that realizes continuity of display in the receiver when changing video format. |
| Time Frequency Transform Coding system | System in which input signal is transformed to frequency component by varied discrete cosine transform, and information amount is reduced by using decrease of energy deviation of each frequency component. |
| psychoacoustic weighted bit assignment system | System in which coding assignment is so weighted that signal deterioration in frequency band which is easily perceived by human being is minimum. |
| Three kinds of audio qualities for mode 1, 2, 3 | Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 3 |
| Transmission Control Signal (in case of transmitting by TS Packet) | Signal that indicates multiplex conditions in TS, such as indications of PID (packet identifier) of each component signal which is multiplexed. It involves each table of PAT, PMT, CAT, NIT, furthermore service information. The receiver can pick up each component signal in the object service by interpreting this signal. |
| Transmission Control Signal (in case of transmitting by TLV Packet | Signal that indicates multiplex conditions in TLV packet, such as inspections of multicast group of IP packet which is multiplexed. It is each table of TLV-NIT, AMT. The receiver can pick up IP packet in the object IP data flow by interpreting this signal. |
| Emergency Alarm Signal | Signal that is transmitted when emergency alarm broadcasting (caution announcement of mega-quake, the broadcasting of warning announcement of tsunami, and the broadcasting requested by a governor based on the provision of the Basic Law of Disaster-control Measures) is carried out. |
| PES Packet | Packetized Elementary Stream Packet |
| Section Form | Variable length signal form which is used for coding transmission control signal (which involves service information). This is also used for transmitting another general data signals. |
| TS Packet | Fixed length (188 Bytes) packet which composes TS. Those which PES Packet of variable length and signal in Section Form are divided in short, and Header which involves PID (Packet Identifier) is added to, in order to compose TS by multiplexing effectively various signals such as video, audio, transmission control signal, etc. without depending on the kind of the signal. |
| IP Packet | An abbreviation of Internet Protocol Packet |
| TLV Packet | An abbreviation of Type Length Value Packet |
| ULE Packet | An abbreviation of Unidirectional Lightweight Encapsulation |
| Descriptor | Lower structure which is used in Section Form. This is inserted in a specific area of Section Form and describes ancillary information and augmented information. There are descriptors for conditional access system, descriptors for system management, etc., moreover descriptors used for service information. |
| Identifier | Information to identify various kinds of information which is involved in TS Packet, PES Packet, Section Form, Descriptor, etc. There are Table Identifier which represents the kind of Section Form, Descriptor Tag which represents the kind of Descriptor, and various Identifiers. |
| Related Information | Information that is necessary to receive pay TV, and necessary for broadcaster to collect a fee. It consists of the kind of ECM, EMM. |
| ECM | Abbreviation for An abbreviation of Entitlement Control Message. |
| Control information that makes information about program | key information (scramble key) to descramble, and descrambling function of the receiver valid or invalid by force. This is called common information in Japan. |
| EMM | Abbreviation for An abbreviation of Entitlement Management Message. |
| AVC | Abbreviation for Advanced Video Coding |
| HEVC | Abbreviation for High Efficiency Video Coding |
| HDTV | Abbreviation for High Definition Television |
| MPEG | Abbreviation for Moving Picture Experts Group |
| SDTV | Abbreviation for Standard Definition Television |
2. Amendment History
| Ver. | Amendment or Enactment Date | Amendment summary |
|---|---|---|
| 3.9 | 12.09.2016 | Revise to relax the picture structure limitation for easy implementation of encoding/decoding equipment, clarify the explanation about slice restrictions, review and modify the description about feasibility of 1 core processing for 8k encoding/decoding that has been described since the operational guideline of HEVC standard developed. |
| 3.8 | 09.29.2016 | In Part 1, Video Signal and Coding System is revised to be able to broadcast HDR television in accordance with the amendment of the ministry ordinance and notification and Recommendation ITU-R BT.2100-0. In addition of revision of Description about operational guideline of MPEG-4 AVC. HDR：High Dynamic Range |
| 3.7 | 07.06.2016 | In Part 1, restrictions of coding parameters which are used for advanced satellite digital broadcasting are relaxed, misprints are corrected, and some are modified for clarification. HEVC: High efficiency Video coding |
| 3.6 | 03.25.2016 | In Part 1, Attachment 5, operational guidelines are added in case of exchanging high dynamic range television program and conventional television program of which video transmission characteristics is different, and the operational guidelines in case of exchanging video definition and frame rate are modified for clarification. |
| 3.5 | 12.03.2015 | In Part 1, provisions for high dynamic range television (HDR-TV) broadcasting are added, and some are modified for clarification. HEVC: High efficiency Video coding HDR-TV: High Dynamic Range Television |
| 3.4 | 09.30.2015 | In Part 3, “Bridged Frame” is provided additionally as a kind of packet which is transmitted in ULE packet. ULE: Unidirectional Lightweight Encapsulation |
| 3.3 | 07.03.2015 | In Part 1, restrictions in case of coding by HEVC are modified and some are modified to clarify the operation of descriptor in television service by HEVC.
In part 2, exchange of audio parameters prescribed as Attachment is additionally provided, and provisions related to MPEG-4 ALS system are clarified. HEVC: High efficiency Video coding ALS: Audio Lossless Coding |
| 3.2 | 03.17.2015 | In part 1, restrictions and operational guidelines in case of coding lower definition video than HDTV with full definition by HEVC are added, and operational guidelines for television service by HEVC are modified for clarification. |
| 3.1 | 12.16.2014 | In Part 1, the provisions are clarified and misprints are corrected. In Part 2, according to the maintenance of national technical standard (Ordinance and Notification) related to making high quality sound of V-Low multimedia broadcasting, provisions are added and modified, and MPEG-4 AAC system which is one of audio coding system for ultra-high definition television broadcasting is technically extended. |
| 3.0 | 07.31.2014 | According to the maintenance of national technical standard (Ordinance and Notification) on technical conditions related to ultra-high definition television broadcasting for satellite basic broadcasting and satellite general broadcasting, this standard is so amended that it is consistent with Ordinance and Notification, and details needed in broadcasting are provided. |
| 2.9 | 03.18.2014 | According to the amendment of Ordinance and Notification that segment connected transmission system (hereinafter denoted as V-Low multimedia broadcasting) among multimedia broadcasting which terrestrial basic broadcast station broadcasts using frequency from 99MHz to 108MHz was added and so on, this standard is so amended that it is consistent with Ordinance and Notification. |
| 2.8 | 12.18.2012 | “Attachment 4: Operational Guidelines for 3D video service by frame compatible system” is newly added in Part 1. |
| 2.7 | 09.25.2012 | In Part 1, according to the amendment of Ordinance and Notification based on the amendment of Broadcasting Act, this standard is so modified that it keeps consistency with related Ordinance and Notification and it corresponds to the amendment of ITU-T H.264 | MPEG-4 AVC. In Part 2, statements are modified conforming to the present state and so on, including the above-mentioned modification according to the amendment of Ordinance and Notification, In Part 3, the provision of access control descriptor is added and so on, including the above-mentioned modification according to the amendment of Ordinance and Notification. |
| 2.6 | 07.03.2012 | Misprints of Annexed Table in FORAWARD (industrial property) are corrected. |
| 2.5 | 03.28.2011 | Amendment concerning Part 1: Video Signal and Coding System and Part 2: Audio Signal and Coding System ·The numbers of Article and Paragraph of reference in the provision based on Ordinance and Notification are specified. Amendment concerning Part 3: Signal Multiplexing System Related to multimedia broadcasting (except for MediaFLO system): ·Scope and terms are added. ·Provisions on IP packet transmission by TS packet are added. ·Descriptors related to multimedia broadcasting are added. ·Technical system applied to multimedia broadcasting is added. Others ·The numbers of Article and Paragraph of references of the provision based on Ordinance and Notification are specified. |
| 2.4 | 11.05.2010 | Amendment concerning Part 1: Video Signal and Coding System ·Multimedia broadcasting is added as in the scope of this standard. ·Restrictions on MPEG-4 AVC coding parameters for multimedia broadcasting are provided. ·Operational guidelines on MPEG-4 AVC standard for multimedia broadcasting are provided. ·Video format applied to advanced wide band satellite digital broadcasting is clarified. Amendment concerning Part 2: Audio Signal and Coding System ·MPEG Surround system and HE_AACv2 are added as audio coding system for multimedia broadcasting. Others ·One industrial property and two comprehensive confirmations are additionally recorded. |
| 2.3 | 04.26.2010 | Amendment concerning Part 2: Audio Signal and Coding System ·The provision of MPEG-4 ALS (Audio Lossless Coding) system is added as a lossless audio coding system which is used for download broadcasting service of advanced wide band satellite digital broadcasting. Others ·Twelve industrial properties and one comprehensive confirmation are additionally recorded. ·Misprints are corrected. ☆Replacement edition is published for ver.2.2. |
| 2.2 | 07.29.2009 | Amendment concerning Part 1: Video Signal and Coding System ·Addition of the provision related to advanced satellite digital broadcasting system ·Addition of video input format (1080/60/P and 2160/60/P) ·Addition of video coding system (MPEG-4 AVC) ·Modification to a media crossing standard including narrow band CS digital broadcasting and advanced narrow band CS digital broadcasting. Amendment concerning Part 2: Audio Signal and Coding System ·Addition of the provision related to advanced satellite digital broadcasting system ·Handling audio input signal with maximum 22.2 channels ·Addition of the provision of MPEG-2 AAC audio coding system in order to handle multi-channel audio mode with maximum 22.2 channels ·Modification to media crossing standard including narrow band CS digital broadcasting and advanced narrow band CS digital broadcasting ·Others ·Addition of description for the notation of multi-channel audio ·Update of references Amendment concerning Part 3: Signal Multiplexing System ·Addition of the provision related to advanced satellite digital broadcasting system ·Addition of the provision for variable length packet multiplexing system and the transmission control signal ·Addition of a new broadcasting standard system and service identification ·Modification to media crossing standard including narrow band CS digital broadcasting and advanced narrow band CS digital broadcasting ·Others ·Misprints are corrected and so on |
| 2.1 | 03.14.2007 | Amendment concerning Part 3 (1) Amendment according to the addition of the provision concerning advanced narrow band CS digital broadcasting by the amendment of Notification of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications No. 37, 2003. ·Definition of terms is added. ·“Modulation system” and bit assignment of “inner code” are added to Appendix “Structure of satellite distribution system descriptor”. ·Bit assignment of “the kind of standard system of broadcasting” is added to Appendix “Structure of system control descriptor”. (2) Items concerning narrow band CS digital broadcasting which is out of scope in this standard are deleted. |
| 2.0 | 09.28.2006 | One industrial property is added. |
| 1.9 | 03.14.2006 | ·Descriptions concerning the characteristics in MPEG-2 AAC system and the attention to equipment are added as “Appendix” for convenience of engineers who develop digital broadcasting receivers. ·Two industrial properties and one comprehensive confirmation are additionally recorded |
| 1.8 | 12.14.2004 | ·A part of (Note) in Part 2, 5.2.3 “Detailed provisions regarding audio stream configuration and multiplexing method”, (4) ”Detailed provisions regarding configuration of Fill Element (FIL)” is deleted. Consequently, it is clarified that SBR audio coding is not used for BS/wide band CS digital broadcasting, but is used for other digital broadcasting. ·Two comprehensive confirmations are added. ☆Replacement edition is published for ver.1.7. |
| 1.7 | 09.28.2004 | In Part 3: Signal Multiplexing System, Chapter 3 “Multiplexed Signal Format”, the amendment according to the agreement of ITU-T Rec. H.222.0 | ISO/IEC 13818-1 Amendment 3, and the Notification amending the Notification of Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications 2003, No.37. ·AVC video stream (ITU-T Rec. H.264) and other stream are added to appended “stream identifier” of 3.1 “PES Packet”. ·AVC video stream (ITU-T Rec. H.264) is added to appended “stream type identifier” of (2) “PMT” in 3.4 “Transmission control signal”, and modification according to the latest provision of ITU-T Rec. H.222.0. ·Two comprehensive confirmations are additionally recorded. ☆Replacement edition is published for ver.1.6. |
| 1.6 | 05.25.2004 | Amendment concerning Part 2 ·“Reference 3: precaution involved in the amendment to ISO/IEC 13818-7:2003” is newly added. ·“:2003” is added to 1.3.1 Normative Reference (3) and Attachment 1.3.1 Normative Reference (1). ·By correcting “AMD-6” in Reference 2 to “AMD 6”, the expression is unified. ·Two comprehensive confirmations are added. ☆Replacement edition is published for ver.1.5. |
| 1.5 | 02.05.2004 | ·In Part 2, SBR (Spectral Band Replication) system is additionally provided in MPEG-2 AAC system which had been already provided. By this provision, it becomes to be possible to use this SBR system in digital terrestrial sound broadcasting, digital terrestrial television broadcasting, and digital satellite sound broadcasting (except BS/wide band CS digital broadcasting which has no provision of half rate sampling). But as it is only TR-B26 that provides to use SBR system in TRs, this system is used for digital satellite sound broadcasting for the time being. ·Three industrial properties and two comprehensive confirmations are additionally recorded. ☆Replacement edition is published for ver.1.4. |
| 1.4 | 06.05.2003 | ·Modifications according to the amendment of Ordinance and Notification Part 1, 2, 3: New Ordinance and Notification are recorded in the References. Part 2, 3: “Digital Satellite sound broadcasting” is added to the scope. Part 3: Addition about digital satellite sound broadcasting, addition of complex descriptor which is compatible with carousel, addition of conditional regenerating descriptor, and change from “designate by the Minister for Internal Affairs and Communications” to “designate by Standardization Organization”. ·Part 2: In case of transmitting down mix coefficient, the matter of transmitting PCE (Program Configuration Element) within 550msec interval is newly provided. ·Part 2: The term “down mix” is unified, the statement about down mix is clarified, ARIB STD-B21 as an Informative Reference is added, and so on. |
| 1.3 | 03.28.2002 | ·Ten industrial properties are added. ·By adding paragraph for abbreviations in Part 1, Chapter 1 and Attachment, Chapter 1, abbreviations are clarified. ·Misprints in Part 3, Chapter 2, 2.1 are corrected. ☆Replacement edition is published for ver.1.2. |
| 1.2 | 01.24.2002 | ·In Part 1, Attachment, Chapter 3, a figure of flow chart is added which represents each step related to channel hopping time for digital terrestrial broadcasting. ☆Replacement edition is published for ver.1.1. |
| 1.1 | 07.27.2001 | ·According to the Notification No.380, 2001, assignment of stream identifier and stream type identifier are added. ☆Replacement edition is published for ver.1.0. |
| 1.0 | 05.31.2001 | Enactment ·Newly enacted in the position as a common standard by media-crossing concerning video coding system, audio coding system and multiplexing system which were provided in STD-B20 (enacted on 11.6.1998). |
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